Emeritus Professor Dr. Malcolm Cooper was born in Wellington, New Zealand. Since 2003 he has lived in Beppu, Japan, working at Ritsumeikan Asia Pacific University. He was the inaugural Vice President for International Relations and Research at APU (2005-2012), and taught a range of tourism and hospitality management and business management subjects. At Nagasaki University he teaches Introduction to Economics and Healthcare Economics. Previously, he taught at and managed Universities in Australia, New Zealand, Sri Lanka, and the United Kingdom. He has also worked in the city planning and tourism policy areas for Federal, State and Local Governments in Australia and New Zealand. At other times he has been a private planning consultant and a tourism education consultant to the Governments of Dubai, Sri Lanka, China and Vietnam. He is a recipient of the Australian Centennial Medal, a Fellow of the Planning Institute of Australia, and has published over 180 books and papers, specializing in tourism development, health & wellness tourism, medical tourism, events management, and environmental impact.